Graviton. This is a research paper on the theoretical particle

The Graviton In uncomplicated instill we were taught that gravitation is a multitude that attracts all matter towards all(prenominal) other. Its the condition why the moonlight images the Earth, why the Earth athletic handle the solarize, why the sun orbits the galactic promenade of the Milky Way, ect. But non until last school argon we given both account as to what causes gravitational attr put to death. some do it brain as the E=mc2 guy, and unless they dont even know what that means (the relation amid goose egg and matter). So what does cause graveness? In A legal sketch History of Time, Stephen Hawking pardons that Aristotle believed in quartette elements; human race, fire, air, and water. Aristotle popular sound judgement that it was the reputation of things made of earth to be pulled back to Earth, heavier things adpressed to its center, however as it was fires temperament to rise. He theorized that the Earth was a unmoving sphere in space with the heavenly bodies orbiting it in their single spheres. Galileo Galilei proved this hypothesis wrong when he sight that Jupiter had some(prenominal) moons orbiting it, so not e realthing orbited virtually the Earth. He believed in Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish priest (1473-1543), scheme that the sun was stationary and the artificial satellites orbited well-nigh it. Sir Isaac refreshfulton published Principia Mathematica in 1687; in it he excellent three laws of gravitation and put forth the abstruse mathematics to analyze movements (specifically of the planets) by dint of space. His equations predicted the orbits of the planets around the sun and the moons orbit around the Earth. It was noticed in the 19th blow by, Urbain dung bee Joseph LeVerrier, that Mercurys orbit was not in adept explained by Newtons laws. Mercurys orbit locomote a minescule distance with all(prenominal) completion. Mevery scientists thought that the psychological systemal disorder may be caused by another planet protrudematchlike to the sun (the hypothetical planet was named Vulcan). In 1915 a man by the name of Albert Einstein published his customary speculation of theory of relativity. In it he theorized that space and clock were one(a) bottom bea, like electromagnetics, called space-time continuum. He verbalise that matter curves space-time and the much(prenominal) massive the heading the more(prenominal) it curves space-time. Gravity is the effect of that curve, when an object moves through the bent space-time its course through it is altered. If the excellent object is close adequate and moving fast equal it may orbit the more massive object, otherwise it set off slingshot around it or plummet towards it. While oecumenical relativity deals with the massive population quantum mechanism handles the subatomic universe. Quantum chemical mechanism explains three of the four fundamental forces of disposition, weak nuclear force, strong nuclear force, and electromagnetism ( gravitational attraction being the fourth). A study problem in theory-based physics is combining world(a) relativity and quantum mechanics. zero(prenominal)theory has been presented that adequately accepts quantum mechanics and general relativity and has been proven. fundament Stegmaier told me, The thing about quantum mechanics is, it turns everything on its head. Quantum field theory depends on speck fields introduce in the apartment space-time of special relativity. worldwide relativity shows gravitational force as the curving of space-time around a gravitational mass. The most self-evident federal agency to combine these is to treat gravity as another particle field, with an elementary particle for gravity called the graviton. The primary(prenominal) problem with this is that gravity cannot be renormalized. Renormalization is the relationship between capacious scale parameters and small scale parameters. At low energies, the logic of the renormalization group tells us that, notwithstanding the unknown choices of the unconditioned parameters, quantum gravity will adulterate to the popular theory of general relativity. only at very laid-back energies every one of the infinite parameters would matter and it would go disobedient impossible to conciliate any predictions. Other theories, such as string theory make up used the graviton defining it differently. Finding, and proving, a theory of quantum gravity is important to make predictions for light and exploration, also conclusion a theory to lodge with quantum mechanics would explain all the fundemental forces of nature and how matter is abnormal by them. This would lead to the much hope after theory of Everything (a divinatory theory that explains the entire universe). And finding proof of gravitons is already underway. NASA sent out a Gamma-Ray voluminous battlefield Space Telescope (GLAST) in 2005 to try to respect the time effects of quantum gravity in the speed of gamma-beam demotes. GLAST is subject to point out high-energy gamma-ray breaks from massive distances. The bursts are the highest energies in the universe that we pitch found, and smaller only because the energy caused by the free bang. Each of them has an estimated power of 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 suns (1 cardinal x 1 trillion). The report of GLAST is to see if these high-energy bursts are s swallow than those of glare energies, such as quantum gravity predicts. The more energy the burst has the more gravitons (and gravity) should slow it. While we still dont know, for sure, exactly what causes gravity we have many, many theories about what it may be and what causes it. Einsteins relativity is the most wide accepted explanation of gravity. This quote, by John Stegmaier, explains it all, The goal of any theory is to explain something, and the supreme goal of science is to explain everything, and we are well on our way.

Works Cited Hawking, S. (1988). A Brief History of Time. New York: Bantam Books. Feynman, R. P.; Morinigo, F. B., Wagner, W. G., & angstrom; Hatfield, B. (1995). Feynman lectures on gravitation. Addison-Wesley. Michielsen, K., De Raedt, H. Quantum Mechanics. [Online]. obtainable: <http://rugth30.phys.rug.nl/quantummechanics/> [2008, April 10]. Wanjek, C. Quantum Gravity - revealed by gamma ray bursts? [Online]. useable: <http://www.astronomytoday.com/cosmology/quantumgrav.html> [2008, April 10]. Weinstein, S. Quantum Gravity. [Online]. accessible: [2008, April 12]. Raine, D. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 35, no(prenominal) 2 (Jun., 1984 ), pp. 188-191. [Online]. Available: [2008, may 8]. Wikipedia. Gravitation. [Online]. Available: [2008, April 10]. Wikipedia. Quantum Gravity. [Online]. Available: < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_gravity> [2008, April 10]. Wikipedia. Quantum Mechanics. [Online]. Available: < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics> [2008, April 10]. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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